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 Banking & Opening a Bank Account in France

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See also, in The AngloFILE:

Note: Many banks in France have regional English-language websites with English-speaking staff, and services and facilities in English at certain branches. See the link to The AngloFILE Banks & Banking above for local English-speaking banks.

Major French Retail Banks

The major French banks are:

Opening an Account

A foreigner may open a French bank account if they are (or are going to be) resident in France for more than three months.

These documents are needed to open an account:

  • EU citizens: Proof of identity (a valid passport or ID card)
  • Non-EU citizens: Proof of residence (Carte de séjour)
  • Proof of a French address: a utility bill, rental agreement or property deeds
  • Proof of earnings or status: Contract of employment/proof of earnings/proof of status (example: a student card)
  • Reference: from other banks where accounts are held (usually only required for loans and overdrafts)
  • In some cases, a birth certificate 

Opening an account can be done in a day and methods of making payments (cash cards and cheque books) will usually arrive within a week to ten days of the account being opened.

Accounts may be held in joint names. 

  • Note that an account held by two parties will have the words "et" or "ou" between the names. In the case of an account held in the names M et Mme Xyz, both account holders must sign a cheque, while in the case of an account in the name M ou Mme Xyz, either account holder may sign.

French banks will charge for certain items, for example in some a fee is payable to have an account, there's a fee to have a card (and second card), there may be a charge for the Internet banking facility and for transactions in certain banks.

Using a French Bank Account

Depending on the type of account chosen a cheque book, and payment and cash withdrawal card (the carte bleue - or "blue card") will be issued.

Reading and writing numbers in France

When writing or reading French  numbers, it is important to know the placement of points and commas.

  • A point marks the thousands, while a comma separates the cents: one thousand Euro is written €1.000,00 (mille euros)
  • A comma marks the fractions in a percentage: fifty-two point six percent is written 52,6% (cinquante deux virgule six pourcent)

Card Payments 

  • Card payments by carte bleue are accepted in most places in France. Payment is made using the PIN code; signatures may be requested over a certain amount
  • Look for the CB (carte bleue) Visa or MasterCard symbol
  • Note that the the CB is a debit not a credit card
  • Cash machines, ATMs (distributeurs) are easy to find in most towns and villages and are straightforward to use, (being much the same as elsewhere in the world): enter the card and follow the text instructions. Many machines allow for the option to select English-language text
  • There may be restrictions on the use of an account when travelling outside the département where the account is held; speak to the branch to make arrangements.

Cheques

Photographic ID (for example passport or driving licence) may be requested when paying by cheque.

Paying by personal cheque does not incur additional charges in France; however, a fee is charged to use a bankers draft (Chèque de Banque).

Cheques are accepted as a cash payment. French law makes a cheque equivalent to cash; it is therefore illegal to write a cheque if there are not sufficient funds in the account to cover the payment. A cheque can only be cancelled if it is lost, stolen or if there is a suspicion of fraud. If a cheque is written that the bank cannot pay because of lack of funds, the bank is obliged to report it to France's national banking authority, the Bank de France, which can impose an interdit bancaire which forbids the account holder from using cheques for five years.

Note: It is illegal to write a post-dated or open-dated cheque. A cheque is valid in France for one year and eight days (12 months, 8 days).

When receiving payment by cheque, always write the account number, bank code and signature on the back of a cheque before depositing it.

As a chequebook nears completions, the bank will send another one if a form requesting automatic renewal has been filled in. Postal fees are charged for registered delivery. Renewal can also be made by filling in the form provided in a chequebook. Collection can be made at the branch. 

Completing a French cheque

French cheques should be filled out in French.


RIB: Relevé d'Identité Bancaire

On opening an account, the bank provides several copies of RIB (Relevé d'Identité Bancaire). This is a form which establishes the bank references and account details and identity. It contains the numéro de compte (account number) the code de l'établissement (bank code) and the code du guichet (sort code). 

RIBs are requested when establishing regular contract payments by automatic debit on an account (prélèvement automatique) for example, for the payment of utilities. RIBs are also used when setting up automatic payments into an account, for example Social Security, Family Allowance benefits or salaries.

A RIB is also needed when taking out a contract where monthly payments by TIP (see below) are required.

There are usually about three printed RIBs in the back of a cheque book. Printouts of RIBs can also be made from a cash machine, or via the Internet banking facility.

TIP: Titre Interbancaire de Paiement

A TIP (Titre Interbancaire de Paiement) is the authorised permission to debit an account of the sum asked for by the provider (for example EDF, France Telecom or the Tax Department).

The TIP replaces the use of a cheque, and comes attached to the bottom of the invoice (facture). The first time an invoice is received, sign it and enclose a RIB in the envelope provided (there will be printed instructions). The next invoice amount will automatically have all the bank information printed on the TIP and needs only to be signed, dated and posted off.

French Banking Terminology

Listed alphabetically

Actionnaire An actionnaire possesses an action (share) in a company
Agios The amount of interest and commission paid on an overdraft (découvert) or loan (prêt) in alignment with a pre-established rate
Apport initial The sum of money given as a deposit when taking out a loan with the bank or credit company
Avis d'opération Form/slip informing a client of the operation carried out on his account, for example depositing or withdrawing cash
Chèque A cheque
Code Valeurs Identification code for shares and stock market actions
Code personnel Online banking: the secret code for access to account information
Compte Titres Account grouping stocks and shares and where the account holder can buy and sell
Compte destinataire Transferring funds: the receiving account (the one to which money is being sent)
Compte inactif An account that has shown no movement for a period of 12 months
Compte-joint Account in the name of several people allowing each to draw cheques and carry out other bank actions
Cours The value of a share at a precise moment
Courtier (en bourse)  Broker (stock broker)
Crédit Loan
Crédit revolving Loan that remains constantly topped up to a certain limit even after debits
DAB Distributeur Automatique de Billets, the equivalent of an Automatic Teller Machine (ATM)
Date de valeur Date at which the bank considers the debit or credit is valid
Date opération The real date that a debit or credit is made. (The Date de Valeur is determined from this date)
Différé du prêt This corresponds to the period during which loan repayments are temporarily suspended. At this time, only the interest and the insurance is reimbursed
Droits à prêt The amount that can be borrowed depending on the sum saved with a special account for example a PEL (see below)
Débit différé Delayed debit, for example with a credit card where debits are grouped together and taken out of an account at the end of the month
Débit immédiat Immediate debit: debits that are immediately deducted from your account on payment by credit card
Découvert Overdraft: this will be for an agreed period, check this as it can be as little as 15 days
Dépôt à terme/
compte à terme
Blocked account where the account holder sets the term at which they receive interest and can take out money
Droits de garde Costs charged by a broker to look after shares
Echéancier This is the detail of, for example, the repayments of a loan with the interest calculated in function to the loan amount. Can also be the details your monthly utility payments/tax payments etc. over the full year
Facilité de caisse Exceptional/occasional very short term overdraft facility
Intérêts Interest on accounts or loans
Mandataire Person to whom an account holder gives the power to operate an account in their name
Mensualité Monthly payment or repayment
PEL  Plan Epargne Logement is a savings account which has tax benefits and allows money to be borrowed to buy property after the fixed four year term, or is continued for up to another ten years.
Prime d'Etat This is a sum paid annually by the State into a account bank to reward the sums paid into a PEL. This is paid if certain conditions are respected, for example the length and regularity of payments into the account
Prélèvement
automatique
Automatic direct debit authorised and signed for by account holder
Procuration Proxy or power of attorney to carry out bank operations on behalf of someone
RIB Relevé d'Identité Bancaire. Form given by the bank and also at the back of a chequebook, which establishes the bank and account identity, giving all the details. 
Renouvellement automatique Automatic renewal of your chequebook
Taux Rate of interest
TIP Titre Interbancaire de Paiement is the authorised permission to debit an account of the sum asked for by provider
Titulaire Account holder
Versement Paying a sum of money into an account
Virement Transfer of a sum of money to another account
Further Information
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